ʻO ka Radiation and Industrial Polymers

Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, he pilikia koʻikoʻi ka pollution no ke kanaka.I ka Green drive, ie tomake the world pollution-free, radiation technology take a important position.Ua hoʻomaka ka radiation nuklea i nā hana kemika he nui.'Polymerisation', 'grafting' a me ka 'curing', nā kaʻina kemika koʻikoʻi i loko o ke kahua polymer, hiki ke hoʻomau ma o nā ʻenehana radiation.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻenehana radiation ma mua o nā kumu waiwai ʻē aʻe ma muli o kekahi mau kumu, e laʻa me nā hopena nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana hiki ke mālama ʻia, mālama i ka ikehu a me nā kumuwaiwai, nā kaʻina hana maʻemaʻe, automation a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kanaka etc. He ʻano hana hoʻomake maikaʻi nō hoʻi ma mua o nā ʻenehana sterilizing maʻamau.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation o polymers i nā ʻāpana like ʻole.Ma kēia loiloi, ua kālele nui ʻia ka manaʻo i nā ʻāpana ʻehā, ʻo ia hoʻi, biomedical, textile, uila a me ka ʻenehana membrane.

Mai ka makahiki o ka pōhaku a me nā metala, ua hiki mai mākou i ka makahiki o ka ikehu nuklea a me nā polymers.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke noho nei mākou i ka honua o nā polymers.ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ai nā ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana i kēia au ʻo ka 'polymeric age'.I kēlā me kēia pae o ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻike mākou i nā mea, ʻo ia nā hua o ka polymerresearch.ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā polymers i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā i nā makahiki he mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he hoʻomaikaʻi hui ʻia e nā ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana.ʻOiai ua hoʻomaka ʻia i ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, ua wikiwiki loa ka hana ma kēia kahua o ke kemika a me ka hoʻohana pono a me ka maʻalahi, ʻo ia ka nui o nā ʻōnaehana polymer.

Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala aku nei i ka puka ʻana mai o ka radiation nuklea ma ke ʻano he kumu ikaika o ka ikehu no nā noi hana kemika.No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi ʻoihana like ʻole.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i ka radiation ke hoʻomaka i nā hopena kemika a i ʻole luku i nā micro-organism ua alakaʻi i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka radiation no nā kaʻina hana ʻenehana.ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe nuklea ka ionising, ka mea ma ka hele ʻana ma waena o nā mea, hāʻawi i nā ion maikaʻi, nā electrons manuahi, nā radical manuahi a me nā molekole hauʻoli.ʻO ka hopu ʻana i nā molekala electronsby hiki ke hoʻāla i nā anion.No laila, loaʻa nā ʻano ʻano reactive holoʻokoʻa no ka chemist e pāʻani ai.

He nui nā pono o nā kaʻina hana ma muli o ka radiation ma mua o nā ʻano hana maʻamau.No nā kaʻina hoʻomaka, ʻokoʻa ka radiation mai ka hoʻomaka kemika.I ka hana ʻana i ka radiation, ʻaʻohe catalyst a i ʻole additives e koi ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hopena.ʻO ka maʻamau me ka ʻenehana radiation, hoʻomaka ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu e ka polymer iwi kuamoʻo i kahi kaʻina hana radical manuahi.Me ka hoʻomaka kemika, lawe ʻia nā radical manuahi e ka decomposition o ka mea hoʻomaka i nā ʻāpana a laila hoʻouka i ka polymer kumu e alakaʻi ana i nā radical manuahi.Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Sakurada [1] i ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻina hana ʻelua a ua manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻia ka helu like o nā radical hoʻomaka i ka manawa hui me ka nui o ka radiation o 1 rad/s a i ʻole ka mea hoʻomaka kemika, e laʻa me benzoyl peroxide, ma kahi ʻano o.01 M hoʻohana ʻia. .Ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kemika e ka ʻike a me ka maʻemaʻe o nā mea hoʻomaka.Eia nō naʻe, i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka radiation, hiki ke hoʻololi ākea ka nui o ka nui o ka radiation a no laila hiki ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia ka hopena.ʻAʻole like me ke ʻano hoʻomaka kemika, ʻaʻole i hoʻohaumia ʻia ke kaʻina hana radiation.Hoʻopuka pinepine ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā kemika i nā pilikia e puka mai ana mai ka wela nui o ka mea hoʻomaka.Akā i ke kaʻina hana radiation, ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā wahi radical manuahi ma ka polymer i ka mahana akā hilinaʻi kaʻawale i ka absorption o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe e ka polymer matrix, no laila, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka radiation he kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole. nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, e ʻōlelo paha mākou he kaʻina hana ikehu zeroactivation no ka hoʻomaka.

No ka mea ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka catalyst a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka maʻemaʻe o nā huahana i hana ʻia.Me ka hana ʻana o ka radiation, hiki ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia nā paona molekala o nā huahana.Loaʻa i nā ʻenehana radiation ka hiki ke hoʻomaka i nā substrates paʻa.Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia e ka ʻenehana radiation.

He kumukūʻai naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikehu nuklear radiation i ka lawe ʻana i nā hana kemika.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai o ka ikehu radiation i hoʻokomo ʻia ma mua o ka ikehu wela a i ʻole ka ikehu uila.ʻOiai ʻo kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu radiation nuklea ua hōʻoia i kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me kona kumukūʻai kūpono i kekahi mau kaʻina kemika ma mua o nā ʻano o ka ikehu e like me ka lehu a i ʻole ka ikehu uila.Loaʻa i nā ʻenehana radiation nā hana maikaʻi e pili ana i ka mana a pono i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi e hoʻonohonoho ʻia.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka radiation ma nā polymers i nā ʻāpana ʻoihana like ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ka bio-medical, textile, uila, membrane, sima, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea hao, nā kaʻa a me nā huila, ʻūhū, nā kāmaʻa, nā ʻōwili paʻi, aerospace a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau.Ma kēia loiloi, ua kālele nui ʻia ka nānā ʻana ma nā ʻāpana ʻehā: biomedical, textile, uila a me nā ʻenehana membrane.