Hoʻopili polimer

ʻO ka Adsorption ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ion a i ʻole nā ​​molekole ma luna o ka ʻili o kekahi māhele ʻē aʻe.Hiki i nā iona a me nā molekole ke hoʻopili i nā ʻano ʻili he nui me nā ʻili polymer.ʻO ka polymer kahi mole nui i haku ʻia me nā subunits hou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kaula covalent.ʻO ka adsorption o nā ion a me nā molekala i ka polymer surfaces ke kuleana i nā noi he nui e like me: biomedical, structural, a me nā uhi.

Polymerʻokoʻa nā ʻili mai nā ʻili polimer ʻole no ka mea ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā subunits i hana i ka ʻili.Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻili polimer ʻole e nā paʻa ionic, nā paʻa metala a i ʻole nā ​​mana intermolecular (IMF).I loko o ka ʻōnaehana ʻāpana ʻelua, hana ʻia nā ʻili polimer ʻole ke koi ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu maikaʻi e wāwahi i nā pilina pilikino a hana i nā pilina pili ʻole.No laila, maikaʻi ka ikehu o ka hui ʻana.ʻO kēia nui o ka ikehu, e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia e ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka interfacial, ʻokoʻa no nā hui like ʻole o nā mea.Eia naʻe, me nā ʻili polimer, ua hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia nā subunits a ʻaʻole hiki i ka māhele nui o ka ʻili paʻa ke ana pololei ʻia ka ʻili o ka ʻili.He paʻakikī ke helu ʻana i nā kaha waena ma waena o nā molekele polymer nui a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo maʻalahi e like me ka pili ʻole o ka polimer surface molecular.[2]Hoʻokumu ʻia nā subunits i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka covalently i kahi ʻili me nā ʻano like ʻole e like me nā ʻili polimer ʻole.ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā ʻili polimer: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon, polyethylene (PE), a me polypropylene (PP).Ua kālailai ʻia nā ʻili polimer me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me: scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, a me infrared spectroscopy.

He mau kaulahao ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ko nā ʻili polimer like ʻole ma ko lākou mau monomers i hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma muli o ka adsorption a i ʻole dissociation o nā adsorbates.No ka laʻana, he monomers ka polystyrene sulfonate i loaʻa nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia e hiki ke hoʻopili i nā adsorbates i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.ʻO ka polystyrene sulfonate e hoʻopili i ka adsorbate i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻole.ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, no ka polymer i loaʻa i nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia, e like me ka poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), e huki ikaika ʻia nā adsorbates i hoʻopiʻi ʻia.

Kūleʻa

ʻO nā hui polymer kiʻekiʻe:Hoʻohana ʻia nā composites polymer kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻoikaika a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā hale kahiko.Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau composites holomua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole me ka prepreg, resin, infusion, filament winding a me ka pultrusion.Hoʻohana ʻia nā composites polymer kiʻekiʻe i nā hale mokulele he nui a ʻo kā lākou mākeke nui loa i ka aerospace a me ka pale.

ʻO nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber:Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā polymers i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber (FRP) e nā ʻenekini kīwila i kā lākou mau hale.Pane nā FRP i ka laina laina-elastically i ke koʻikoʻi axial, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea waiwai nui e paʻa i kahi ukana.ʻO ka FRP maʻamau i loko o kahi laminate me kēlā me kēia lamina me nā fiber unidirectional, maʻamau he kalapona a aniani paha, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi papa o nā mea matrix polymer māmā.He kūʻē nui nā FRP i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka lōʻihi loa.

Polytetrafluoroethylene:ʻO ka Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) he polymer i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi he nui e pili ana i nā pale non-stick, nā mea nani, a me nā lubricants.ʻO ka PTFE kahi mole hydrophobic i haku ʻia me ke kalapona a me ka fluorine.ʻO nā paʻa kalapona-fluorine ke kumu o ka PTFE he mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kūpono i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe a kū i ke koʻikoʻi.ʻO kēia mau waiwai ke kumu ʻole o ka PTFE a hoʻohana ʻia i kahi ākea o nā noi.

ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka polymer i ka media porous:ʻO ka adsorption kino a me ka mechanical entrapment ʻelua kumu nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka polymer i ka media porous.He mea nui ka paʻa haʻahaʻa polymer i loko o ka waihona i ka holomua o ka hana polymer EOR.